Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability
Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability

Education System

School Improvement, Assessment, and Accountability

For assistance, call 850-245-0437 or visit http://www.fldoe.org/accountability/accountability-reporting/

What is the purpose of school improvement, assessment, and accountability?

The primary purpose of the student assessment program is to provide student academic achievement and learning gains data to students, parents, teachers, school administrators, and school district staff. The state's assessment program is used to improve and sustain student performance, focus on performance of student subgroups, and enhance student performance.

These data are to be used by districts to improve instruction; by students, parents, and teachers to guide learning objectives; by education researchers to assess national and international education comparison data; and by the public to assess the cost benefit of the expenditure of taxpayer dollars.

What is the state's role in school improvement, assessment, and accountability?

Under the state's school improvement and accountability system and the federal Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA),

the State Board of Education is responsible for a state system of school improvement and education accountability that assesses student performance by school, identifies schools that are not meeting accountability standards, and institutes appropriate measures for enforcing improvement.

What are the roles and responsibilities of various local-level stakeholders in the school improvement process?

Florida law establishes the role of school advisory councils and school boards in the school improvement process. School advisory councils assist teachers and school administrators in preparing and evaluating annual school improvement plans. Among other statutory responsibilities, local school boards must annually approve and require implementation of school improvement plans for each school in the district, along with providing funds to the schools for the development and implementation of the improvement plans.

How is student performance measured?

The statewide assessment program includes assessments of English Language Arts (ELA) in grades 3 through 10, mathematics in grades 3 through 8 and science in grades 5 and 8. The state also administers end-of-course (EOC) exams in Algebra 1, Geometry, Biology 1, Civics, and U.S. History.

Participation in the statewide assessment program is mandatory for all school districts and students attending public schools, including adult students seeking a standard diploma and students in the Department of Juvenile Justice education programs, except as otherwise provided by law.

Beginning with the 2022-23 school year, Florida's statewide, standardized assessments in reading, writing, and mathematics will be aligned with the Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking (B.E.S.T.). The Florida Assessment of Student Thinking (FAST), which includes Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program (VPK) through grade 10 Reading and VPK through grade 8  Mathematics assessments, will be administered as a progress monitoring assessment, which students will participate in three times per year.  B.E.S.T. assessments that are not part of the FAST progress monitoring program include grades 4 through 10 Writing and EOC assessments in Algebra 1 and Geometry.

The Florida Department of Education publishes assessment scores required to earn a standard high school diploma in Florida. The 2023 Legislature enacted Ch. 2023-39, Laws of Florida, establishing in state law the passing concordant and comparative scores for ELA assessment or Algebra I EOC assessment. These are the score requirements for students in the 2022-23 graduating class, including those using accelerated or career pathway graduation options, and adult students may use to meet their assessment graduation requirements if they have not yet earned the required passing score on the Grade 10 ELA assessment or the Algebra I EOC assessment. These scores are also available for use by any student who entered grade 9 during the 2019-20 school year.

Beginning with 2022-23 program year, each private prekindergarten provider and public school participating in the Voluntary Prekindergarten Education Program must participate in the Florida Kindergarten Readiness Screener (FLKRS) and progress monitoring program. The coordinated screening and progress monitoring program results will be used by the department to identify student learning gains, index development learning outcomes upon program completion relative to performance standards established in statute and representative norms, and inform a private kindergarten provider's and public school's performance metrics.

In addition, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) periodically conducts student assessments in mathematics, reading, science, writing, the arts, civics, economics, geography, U.S. history, and technology and engineering literacy. Each subject is assessed at grades 4, 8, and 12, although not all grades area assessed each time. NAEP is a congressionally mandated project administered by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and overseen by the National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB). In the state of Florida, NAEP is mandated by s. 1008.22(2)Florida Statutes.

How is the performance of individual schools assessed?

School grades provide an easily understandable way to measure the performance of a school and how well each school is serving its students. Schools are graded A, B, C, D, or F. The State Board of Education designates by rule a passing score, indicating grade-level performance for statewide, standardized assessment.

A school's grade may include up to eleven components. There are four achievement components, four learning gains components, a middle school acceleration component, as well as components for graduation rate and college and career acceleration. Each component is worth up to 100 points in the overall calculation.

The four achievement components are English Language Arts (ELA), mathematics, science, and social studies. These components include student performance on statewide standardized assessments, including the comprehensive assessments, and end-of-course assessments. The component measures the percentage of full year enrolled students who achieved a learning gain from the prior year to the current year.

Beginning with the 2022-23 school year, students who earned an Armed Services Qualification Test score that falls within Category II or higher on the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery and earned a minimum of two credits in Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC)courses from the same branch of the United States Armed Forces.

School grades accountability reports and interactive report cards provide detailed performance information for 2021-22.

Are there rewards and/or consequences for schools that perform well or poorly?

Florida's School Recognition Program recognizes eligible schools that improve their grade or sustain high performance with a school grade of A with financial recognition awards. Low-performing schools are provided intervention and support to improve student academic performance. In addition, s. 1002.38, Florida Statutes, provides students with educational choices with Florida's Opportunity Scholarship Program. The program allows parents to send their child to another, higher performing public school if the school they attend or will attend received a grade of F or three consecutive grades of D.

What are the school improvement options for low-performing schools?

The State Board of Education is charged with enforcing the state's school accountability requirements, including holding school districts accountable for the academic performance of all schools and students, pursuant to s. 1008.33, Florida Statutes. The Department of Education annually identifies public schools that earned a grade D or F and are in need of intervention and support to improve academic performance. These schools must initiate improvement activities, which are delineated in a differentiated matrix adopted by state board rule. The state board may also prescribe reporting requirements to review and monitor the progress of the schools.

Schools earning a grade of F or two consecutive grades of D must submit a district-managed turnaround plan for approval by the state board. If a school continues to perform poorly, earning three consecutive grades below a C, the district is required to implement one of the following turnaround options:

  • reassign students to another school and monitor the progress of each reassigned student;
  • close the school and reopen the school as one or more charter schools, each with a governing board that has a demonstrated record of effectiveness; or
  • contract with an outside entity that has a demonstrated record of effectiveness to operate the school; the outside entity may include a district-managed charter school in which all instructional personnel are not employees of the school district but are employees of an independent governing board.

What is the Schools of Excellence Program?

The Florida School Recognition Program recognizes the high quality of many of Florida's public schools. As authorized in s. 1008.36, Florida Statutes, the program provides greater autonomy and financial awards to schools that demonstrate sustained or significantly improved student performance. Schools that receive a grade of "A," rating of "Commendable," schools that improve at least one performance grade or rating category, or schools that improve more than one letter grade and sustain the improvement the following year are eligible for school recognition. Funds for the Florida School Recognition Program are awarded by the Commissioner of Education in the amount of up to $100 per Full time Equivalent student for each qualifying school.

The staff and school advisory council at each recognized school jointly decide how to use the financial award. As specified in statute, schools must use their awards for one or any combination of the following:

  • nonrecurring faculty and staff bonuses;
  • nonrecurring expenditures for educational equipment and materials; or
  • temporary personnel to assist in maintaining or improving student performance.

Historical district and school award information as well as frequently asked questions can be found on the Florida School Recognition Program page.

Updates

Flexible Assessment Administration for Children of Military Families. Chapter 2023-73, Laws of Florida, provides flexibility in the administration of specified assessments for Florida Virtual School (FVS) full-time students of military families residing outside of Florida. Through these exams, students demonstrate the grade-level mastery of skills that have been acquired and measured by the statewide, standardized comprehensive assessment under s. 1008.22(3)(a), Florida Statutes, the statewide standardized end of course assessment under s. 1008.22(3)(b), Florida Statutes, or an alternate assessment  under s. 1008.22(3)(d), Florida Statutes. The flexibility in assessment administration must allow a FVS full-time student from a military family currently stationed outside of Florida to participate in statewide, standardized assessments administered by a licensed certified instructor or education service officer test administrator at the current military duty station.

Additionally, the student's parent or guardian may submit to the FVS a written request for flexibility in assessment at any time during the school year, but not later than 90 days before the current school year's assessment administration for which the request is made. A request must include written, official documentation of the family's current out-of-state military duty stationing.

Based on this documentation, the FVS submits a recommendation to the Florida Department of Education as to whether the request for flexibility in assessment administration should be granted or denied. After the receipt of the department's determination, the FVS notifies the parent or guardian whether the request has been granted or denied.

The Legislature may request from the FVS a report containing the number of requests for flexibility in assessment administration, the number of requests granted, and data regarding student performance on statewide, standardized assessments.  Additionally, the State Board of Education must adopt rules to implement this law.

Assessment, Acceleration, and Accountability Modifications. In 2023, the Florida Legislature enacted Ch. 2023-39, Laws of Florida, which modifies assessment, acceleration, and accountability provisions as follows.

  • Authorize school districts to select the Classic Learning Test (CLT) for an annual districtwide administration for certain students, and allows students to earn a concordant score on the CLT to meet initial eligibility requirements for the Bright Futures Scholarship Program.
  • Beginning in the 2023-2024 school years, requires that for schools comprised of grade levels that include grade 3, the percentage of eligible students who score an achievement level of 3 or higher on the grade 3 statewide, standardized English Language Arts assessment administered under s. 1008.22(3), Florida Statutes.
  • Requires the State Board of Education and the Board of Governors to identify Florida College System institutions and state universities to develop courses that align with s. 1007.25, Florida Statutes, for students in secondary education and provide the training required under s. 1007.35(6), Florida Statutes.
  • The Department of Education must annually identify and publish the minimum scores, maximum credit, and course or courses for which credit is to be awarded for the following.
    • Each course developed by state colleges and public universities
    • College Level Examination Program (CLEP) subject exams
    • College Board Advanced Placement Program (AP) exams
    • Advanced International Certificate of Education (AICE) exams
    • International Baccalaureate (IB) exam
    • Excelsior College subject exams
    • Defense Activity for Non-Traditional Education Support (DANTES) subject standardized test
    • Defense Language Proficiency Test (DPLT) 
  • The department may partner with an independent third-party testing or assessment organization to develop assessments that measure competencies consistent with the required course competencies identified by the Articulation Coordinating Committee for general education core courses developed by state colleges and universities. Postsecondary credit will be limited to students who achieve a minimum score as established.

Where can I find related OPPAGA reports?

A complete list of related OPPAGA reports is available on our website.

Where can I get more information?

What are the applicable statutes?

Sections 1000.03, 1001.11, 1001.452, 1001.42, 1002.38,1002.68 1003.41, 1003.4822, 1007.35, and Ch.1008, Florida Statutes

Whom do I contact for help?

Accountability & Reporting, 850-245-0437
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